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We have examined the direct effects of progestins, oestrogens, peptide hormones and growth factors on oestradiol-17β dehydrogenase (OE₂DH) activity of cultures of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Cells were cultured in the presence of steroid or peptide for 6 days, after which the number of cells was determined and cellular OE₂DH activity assessed. Progesterone, 6-methyl-17-hydroxyprogesterone acetate, norethisterone and D(–)-norgestrel all profoundly inhibited cell mitosis and stimulated reductive (oestroneoestradiol-17β) and oxidative (oestradiol-17βoestrone) OE₂DH activity. Both oestrone and oestradiol-17β directly stimulated reductive OE₂DH activity, but had no effect on the oxidative direction. Oestradiol-17β stimulated cell growth only in phenolred free culture medium. Ovine prolactin, LH, epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor did not alter OE₂DH activity but small stimulatory effects on the growth of MCF-7 cells were exerted by prolactin and a combination of transforming growth factor with epidermal growth factor. It is concluded that these results may explain, at least in part, the alterations in mitotic activity and tissue oestradiol-17β levels observed in breast tissue during varying physiological and pathological conditions, such as during the menstrual cycle and in breast cancers.

J. Endocr. (1988) 118, 149–154

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