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Isolated osteoclasts obtained from young chickens fed a normal (+ Ca) or deficient ( – Ca) calcium and vitamin D diet for 3 weeks, were studied for their ability to bind salmon calcitonin (sCT). Osteoclasts obtained from –Ca chickens, when incubated with 0·1 µmol sCT/l, doubled cyclic (c)AMP production and retracted from a glass support, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. The presence of receptors was also demonstrated by autoradiography and competition analysis of ¹²⁵I-labelled sCT binding. The number of receptors per cell was 0·9 ± 0·1 x 10⁴. In contrast, osteoclasts obtained from + Ca chickens did not increase cAMP production and did not retract in the presence of 0·1 µmol sCT/l. No specific binding of ¹²⁵I-labelled sCT could be demonstrated on these osteoclasts.

Plasma levels of calcium and calcitonin were measured in +Ca and – Ca chickens. The plasma concentration of calcium was markedly lower at 3 weeks in –Ca than in +Ca chickens. The plasma concentration of calcitonin was decreased in – Ca chickens compared with +Ca chickens at the first week and kept decreasing during the 3 weeks.

These results strongly support the hypothesis that calcium and vitamin D intake regulate plasma calcitonin levels in chickens, and that calcitonin receptors can be detected on chicken osteoclasts only when blood calcium is decreased by a diet deficient in calcium and vitamin D.

J. Endocr. (1988) 119, 243–248

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