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INTRODUCTION: The size of the human fetus is primarily under genetic control. However, although there is extensive knowledge of other factors which may affect the weight of the fetus (nutrition, socio-economic class etc.) there is little information on the mechanism by which these factors affect the growth process. The matter is of considerable practical significance because much of the pathology of pregnancy is related to failure of fetal growth, or interruption of the growth process before it is complete.
The size of the human fetus, at any stage of pregnancy up to the time of delivery, is primarily determined by the size of the parents and especially the mother. Nutritional factors are also of obvious importance, especially in the later stages of pregnancy (Milner & Hill, 1984). In a typical population in a developed country, however, nutrition probably does not play a major role in determining individual variability
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