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Immunohistochemical localization of 17-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase (P-450_17,lyase) and aromatase cytochrome P-450 (P-450_arom) in polycystic ovary (PCO) syndrome was studied using specific polyclonal antibodies which had been raised against the corresponding enzymes. In the majority of follicles that were atretic and smaller than 7 mm in diameter, theca interna cells showed high P-450_17,lyase immunoreaction, while small numbers of granulosa cells showed little P-450_arom immunoreaction. In some atretic follicles that were larger than 11 mm in diameter, the hyperplastic theca interna cell layer showed high immunoreaction to P-450_17,lyase, while the poorly proliferated granulosa cell layer showed a mixture of weak and negative immunoreaction to P-450_arom. No immunoreaction to P-450_17,lyase or P-450_arom was recognized in PCO stroma. These findings suggest that the theca interna cells and the granulosa cells from PCOs show abnormal steroidogenic function, while the localization of P-450_17,lyase and P-450_arom in PCOs was essentially identical to that in the normal ovary. Theca interna cells in PCO atretic follicles are the main site of excess androgen production.

Journal of Endocrinology (1993) 139, 503–509

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