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Insulin, adrenal corticosteroid, and prolactin are minimal hormonal requirements for the development of secretion in cultures of pregnant mouse mammary gland (Rivera, 1964; Juergens, Stockdale, Topper & Elias, 1965). Augmentation of the rate of DNA synthesis is one of the hormone-initiated events associated with the developmental process, and this is primarily due to insulin (Juergens et al. 1965). Recently, human growth hormone (HGH) and human chorionic somatomammotrophin (HCS) have been shown to act similarly to prolactin in inducing functional changes in mammary organ cultures (Forsyth, 1967; Turkington, 1968a; Rivera, 1970). These hormones, having similar intrinsic prolactin-like activities, contain considerably more growth hormone activity than prolactin, and it was of interest to assess their growth-promoting activity in mammary gland cultures.

The growth hormone activity of the HGH (Upjohn lot no. 8717-DAD-100.3) was 2·5 units/mg. assayed by the 8-day 'body-weight gain' test against bovine growth hormone (NIH lot no. B-10). The HCS