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A possible relationship between the pineal and adrenal glands has been suggested by several investigators (Farrell, 1960; Jouan & Samperez, 1965; Gromova, Kraus & Krecek, 1967). Owman (1961, 1963) observed that the pineal gland produced a secretion between the 16th and 19th day of gestation. During this same embryonic period a feedback relationship typical of adult animals is established between the pituitary and adrenal glands (Skebelskaya, 1968). The present experiment was designed to examine the effects of prenatal melatonin and/or testosterone administration to pregnant rats on adrenal, pituitary and pineal weights of male and female offspring.

Vaginal smears from female Charles River rats were examined daily, and on the day of pro-oestrus females were placed with normal males of the same strain. Evidence of sperm in the smear the following morning indicated that insemination had occurred. Four groups of pregnant females were injected s.c. daily from the 17th to the