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It has been demonstrated in our laboratory that the pineal gland in blinded and blinded-anosmic young rats is capable of causing retarded growth and decreased pituitary levels of immunoassayable growth hormone (GH) (Sorrentino & Schalch, 1970), these effects being more severe in blinded-anosmic rats. In these sensory-deprived rats the pineal is also responsible for an inhibition in the growth of reproductive organs. In general, the search for a pineal principle which is responsible for the antigonadotrophic effects has been somewhat perplexing. One substance whose production rate fluctuates diurnally and appears to be capable of fulfilling some of the requirements of the pineal antigonadotrophic principle is melatonin. Some workers claim that this substance restricts ovarian size (Wurtman, Axelrod & Chu, 1963), compensatory ovarian hypertrophy (Sorrentino, 1968; Vaughan & Benson, 1970), the size of testes and accessory sex organs of male rats in constant light (Debeljuk, 1969), and testicular size in weasels

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				R. J. Reiter, M. K. Vaughan, D. E. Blask, and L. Y. Johnson Melatonin: Its Inhibition of Pineal Antigonadotrophic Activity in Male Hamsters Science, September 27, 1974; 185(4157): 1169 - 1171. [Abstract] [PDF]