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The results of serial glucose tolerance tests in cortisol-treated, thyroidectomized calves indicate that there is a progressive reduction in the tolerance to glucose and that this is associated with a diminution in the rise in plasma insulin concentration which normally occurs in response to hyperglycaemia. These experimental conditions also stop growth within 12–14 days. All these effects are reversed by injections of thyroxine at a dose which raises the plasma thyroxine concentration to normal values for 7 days in spite of the continued administration of cortisol.

These results suggest that, in the unweaned thyroidectomized calf, daily injections of cortisol reduce the sensitivity of the insulin release mechanism, which may provide an explanation for the severe diabetic syndrome which is known to develop under these conditions.