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The rate of [³⁵S]methionine incorporation into protein in discrete cerebral areas was measured before and after the administration of oestradiol benzoate (OB) to chronically ovariectomized rats. The circadian rhythm of incorporation which is normally seen in the intact cyclic female rat was deleted by ovariectomy. A daily rhythm of incorporation reappeared, however, in all the brain areas studied 30 h after a single injection of OB (20 µg), and was still present 12 days later.

The release of luteinizing hormone (LH) after administration of 20 µg OB was measured in chronically ovariectomized animals and was found to be biphasic. High levels of LH after ovariectomy were initially reduced by negative feedback, but this phase was followed 52 h later by a facilitation of LH release between 15.00 and 18.00 h. The facilitation of LH release at this time of day was still detectable 12 days after the initial injection.

The evidence for a functional link between the rhythm of neural activity which is reflected by [³⁵S]methionine incorporation, and the ability to 'time' the facilitation of LH release is discussed.