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Department of Chemical Pathology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, EC1A 7BE

(Received 17 January 1975)

CONTENTS: PAGE

Glossary of abbreviations 143

Introduction 143

Classification 144

Evidence for the secretion of hormones by non-endocrine tumours 145

Incidence 147

Processes of formation and release of ectopic hormones 149

Ectopic hormone secretion 151

(1) Adrenocorticotrophin/lipotrophic hormone/melanocyte-stimulating hormone 151

(2) Non-metastatic hypercalcaemia 155

(3) Antidiuretic hormone, oxytocin, neurophysin 157

(4) Gonadotrophins 159

(5) Human placental lactogen 159

(6) Growth hormone 159

(7) Insulin 160

(8) Calcitonin 162

(9) Thyroid-stimulating hormone 162

(10) Prolactin 162

(11) Erythropoietin 163

(12) Gut hormones 163

(13) Hypophosphataemic osteomalacia 163

(14) Multiple ectopic hormone secretion 163

Ectopic hormones as tumour-indexing substances 164

Postulated mechanisms of ectopic hormone secretion 165

Conclusions 167

References 167

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS: ACTH Adrenocorticotrophin

ADH Antidiuretic hormone

APUD Amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation

AVP Arginine vasopressin

CLIP Corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide

5-HT Serotonin