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Pharmacology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji 5-1-1, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan

(Received 1 February 1975)

Mammary tumorigenesis by a carcinogen is inhibited in rats in which mammary growth has been prestimulated by hypothalamic lesion (Clemens, Welsch & Meites, 1968) or pituitary grafting (Welsch, Clemens & Meites, 1968) before the administration of the carcinogen. [³ H] Thymidine incorporated into DNA of the mammary gland as an index of mammary DNA synthesis was markedly reduced in these rats, whereas wholemount preparations of the glands showed that much proliferation had occurred (Nagasawa & Yanai, 1974a). On the other hand, pituitary grafting is well known to promote spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis in mice and mammary DNA synthesis is associated with this tumorigenesis (Nagasawa & Yanai, 1974 a). Therefore, it is of interest to study the effect of pituitary grafting on mammary DNA synthesis in mice susceptible and insusceptible to mammary tumorigenesis and to