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Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, S09 3TU

(Received 28 September 1976)

The major pathways for the metabolism of vitamin D involve hydroxylation in the liver (Ponchon, Kennan & De Luca, 1969) to give 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-HCC), followed by hydroxylation in the kidney to give 1: 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (DHCC) (Fraser & Kodicek, 1970) or 24,25-DHCC (Omdahl & De Luca, 1973).

Kenny (1976) has reported that the activity of the 25-HCC-1 hydroxylase in the kidney of female Japanese quail depends on the physiological state of the bird. He observed that tissue from birds with an egg in the oviduct produced mainly 1,25-DHCC whereas kidneys of birds with an empty oviduct generated mainly 24,25-DHCC when incubated in vitro with tritiated 25-HCC and he concluded that 'ovulation in the Japanese quail leads to enhanced renal synthesis of 1,25-DHCC'. However, he observed a wide range of values for 1,25-DHCC production (from 0 to