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Rats were immunized against luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) and ovulation and follicular development were studied 12, 24 and 48 weeks later. The abolition of regular cyclic patterns of vaginal smears and the absence of luteal tissue in all but one of 32 rats showed that the immunization was effective in blocking ovulation. Follicular growth varied between rats and appeared to be dependent on whether the inhibition of LH-RH had been sufficient to affect the secretion of basal levels of gonadotrophins. Low levels of gonadotrophins were associated with poor follicular development, uterine atrophy and leucocytic vaginal smears, whereas levels of gonadotrophins similar to those in the dioestrous controls led to adequate follicular growth in the absence of ovulation, the production of cystic follicles, uterine stimulation and persistent vaginal oestrus. A group of rats was ovariectomized 12 weeks after immunization against LH-RH; animals with low antibody titres and large follicles responded with increases in the levels of LH and FSH in the blood, whereas in those with high antibody titres and little follicular development the concentrations of gonadotrophins remained low. The reproductive capacity of rats immunized against LH-RH was tested by caging them with normal male rats from 3 weeks after immunization. Although mating occurred in three rats during the first month, no offspring were produced. No matings occurred in the remaining 41 weeks.

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