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Assay of corticosteroids in the plasma of guinea-pigs showed that concentrations were higher in lactating than in non-lactating and male animals. In five isolated perfused mammary gland experiments in which corticosteroids were at concentrations of 1·3–3·0 µg/ml in the perfusate, equivalent to concentrations during lactation, the mean (±S.E.M.) uptake by the mammary gland was 900 ± 210 ng g^–1 h^–1. In five experiments in which the concentrations of corticosteroid in the perfusate were 190–580 ng/ml, the uptake by the mammary gland was significantly lower (316 ± 73 ng g^–1 h^–1; P < 0·05). For the ten experiments there was a significant correlation between the concentration of corticosteroid in the perfusate and uptake by the mammary gland (P < 0·05). No convincing evidence for a galactopoietic role of corticosteroids in the guinea-pig was obtained, although administration of cortisol significantly stimulated the uptake of glutamine by the perfused gland.